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When we run, we need to take into consideration our momentum.

Forces - Momentum

This Physics quiz is called 'Forces - Momentum' and it has been written by teachers to help you if you are studying the subject at senior high school. Playing educational quizzes is one of the most efficienct ways to learn if you are in the 11th or 12th grade - aged 16 to 18.

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All moving objects possess the property of momentum which is the tendency to keep moving in the same direction. The more momentum an object has, the more difficult it is to stop and the more difficult it is to change its direction. Momentum is a vector quantity ~ it has direction as well as a size. To change the momentum of an object requires the application of a force. It is calculated by multiplying the mass of an object by its velocity and is represented by the letter p in equations - p = m x v, so a small mass with a high velocity can have a greater momentum than a larger mass moving with a slower velocity.

Momentum is a property of what?

Computers

Mobile phones

Moving objects

The Great Pyramid

Only moving objects have momentum, a stationary object will have no momentum

In a closed system, the total momentum before an event is equal to what?

Twice the momentum after the event

The total momentum after the event

A closed system means that none of the energy within the system is lost to the environment. A closed system is often referred to as an ideal system

A car and a truck are both traveling along a expressway at 30 m/s and 20 m/s respectively. The car has a mass of 1,200 kg and the truck has a mass of 4,500 kg. Which one requires the greater force to stop?

Car

Truck

Both the same

More details are required to answer the question

The missing information is the time to bring the car and the truck to a halt. Even though the truck has a greater momentum, if it is allowed more time for braking, it could be brought to a halt with a lower braking force. To stop the truck in the same time as the car would require a greater change in momentum and therefore a greater force

What is the correct formula for momentum?

m = p x v

p = m x v

v = p x m

p = 2v x m

Some questions will demand that you use it in this form, but to answer other questions, you may have to rearrange it, so be prepared!

An object of mass 1000 kg moving at a velocity of 5 m/s on a level surface, collides with a stationary object of mass 1500 kg. Calculate the momentum of the 1000 kg object before the collision.

2500 kg m/s

7500 kg m/s

5000 kg/s

5000 kg m/s

Numerically, options 3 and 4 were both correct, it all comes down to units!

A 0.5 kg trolley is pushed at a velocity of 1.2 m/s into a stationary trolley of mass 1.5 kg. The two trolleys stick to each other after the impact. Calculate the velocity of the two trolleys straight after the impact assuming a closed system.

0.3 m/s

1.2 m/s

0.6 m/s

1.6 m/s

Work out the value for the total momentum before the impact. The total momentum after the impact is the same (closed system). You know the combined mass of the two trolleys when they are stuck together, so a simple rearrangement of the momentum equation will allow you to calculate the new velocity

An object of mass 1000 kg moving at a velocity of 5 m/s on a level surface, collides with, and becomes attached to, a stationary object of mass 1500 kg. Calculate the velocity of the two moving objects after the collision.

3 m/s

5 m/s

2 m/s

2 kg/s

At senior high school, you can assume conservation of momentum applies in collision calculations

What is the momentum of an object which has a mass of 5 kg traveling at a speed of 2.5 m/s?

10 kg m/s

12.5 kg m/s

15 kg m/s

2 kg m/s

Straighforward use of the momentum equation. In your exam, unless the units are printed at the end of the answer space, you are expected to specify them

What is momentum measured in?

Kilograms

Metres

Kilogram meters per second

Kilogram seconds per meter

Abbreviated to kg m s^-1 or kg m/s. Can also be expressed as newton seconds, abbreviated to N s

10.

A 0.5 kg trolley is pushed at a velocity of 1.2 m/s into a stationary trolley of mass 1.5 kg. The two trolleys stick to each other after the impact. Calculate the momentum of the 0.5 kg trolley before the collision.

1.8 kg m/s

0.6 kg m/s

2.4 kg m/s

0.75 kg m/s

p = m x v, so p = 0.5 x 1.2 = 0.6 kg m/s

Author: Martin Moore