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Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions 2
Glow sticks are applications of exothermic reactions.

Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions 2

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Exothermic reactions release energy into the surroundings, whereas endothermic reactions absorb energy. Hand warmers, glow sticks and self heating coffee are all applications of energy changes in chemical reactions. For the higher tier of high school Chemistry, you will be expected to explain how and why these energy changes occur. The short answer to 'how' is that during a chemical reaction, bonds are broken and made. The short answer to 'why' is that energy is involved in making and breaking bonds.

1.
ΔH is the energy change for the reaction. To calculate this...
add the reactants' energy to the products' energy
subtract the reactants' energy from the products' energy
divide the reactants' energy by the products' energy
subtract the products' energy from the reactants' energy
Products - reactants is +ve for endothermic reactions and -ve for exothermic reactions
2.
Which of the following observations indicate an endothermic reaction?
The temperature of the decaying grass in the compost maker was considerably above the outside temperature
Hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine react so explosively and energetically that they are used to power rockets into space
The mixture bubbled vigorously and the temperature dropped by 40°C
A red glow spread through the mixture and the temperature increased by 10°C
It is not so much the bubbling that shows this is endothermic, that can happen in exothermic reactions, but rather the temperature drop. That indicates that heat energy has been lost from the reacting mixture
3.
Pick the correct combination of information for an exothermic reaction.
°C ↑ ΔH +ve
°C ↑ ΔH -ve
°C ↓ ΔH +ve
°C ↓ ΔH -ve
ÄH is the symbol used to represent the energy change
4.
Neutralization is...
an endothermic reaction
a physical reaction
an exothermic reaction
an oxidation reaction
The temperature of the products of a neutralization reaction is higher than the temperature of the reactants
5.
If a reaction is endothermic overall, what does this tell us about the bonds broken and made during the reaction?
There are equal amounts of energy required to break and make the bonds in the reaction
There is a lot of energy used for both making and breaking bonds
There is less energy used in breaking the bonds of the reactants than required to make the bonds of the products
There is more energy used in breaking the bonds of the reactants than required to make the bonds of the products
Remember, energy changes in chemical reactions are all about bond breaking and bond making
6.
Thermal decomposition is...
an exothermic reaction
an endothermic reaction
a common reaction
an energy rich reaction
Thermal decomposition requires heat energy to break substances down
7.
Bond making is an...
endothermic process
exothermic process
exciting process
eltothermic process
Energy is given out when bonds are formed
8.
Electrolysis requires energy to make it work. This means it is...
an endothermic reaction
an exothermic reaction
an eltothermic reaction
a chemical reaction
Electrolysis requires a supply of electrical energy from a DC circuit
9.
On an energy level diagram, the products of an exothermic reaction will be...
higher than the reactants
the same level as the reactants
on a different diagram to the reactants
lower than the reactants
This shows us that the products have less energy than the reactants, because energy has been transferred to the surroundings
10.
Bond breaking is an...
endothermic process
exothermic process
exciting process
eltothermic process
Energy is required to break bonds
Author:  Kate Gardiner

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