Jewish prayers are based on the teachings of the Talmud, the ‘Book of Learning’, itself based on the Old Testament, in particular, the Five Books of Moses - Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. These in turn form the first part of the Christian Bible. As with most traditional religions of Judeo-Christian belief, based on the Ten Commandments, there are specific prayers for most occasions- birth, marriage, death, grace for meals etc.