Sacred Service

This is not definitive, but it is the most widely acknowledged story. Presumably the original Latin would have sounded somewhat less like an imitative sneeze than does the phrase we use in modern English.

ICHTHYS (just 5 characters in the Greek) stood for 'Jesus Christ, God's Son, Saviour'.

'Homily' (Answer 3) is the usual Catholic label; in lower-church circles it might even simply be called a 'talk'. Answer 4 is a Scots dialect usage referring not to the Sermon as such, but to the weekly notices or announcements.

Ascension always comes in the flower season (it is a 'movable feast', a fixed while after Easter), but it is not usually marked in anything like so major a way as these others. Arrangers are more likely to 'go to town' with fiery-coloured arrangements on Whit Sunday (Pentecost) ... or to be saving their efforts for summer weddings!

This association would be obvious enough, but if ever you have wandered into a cool church interior during a sunny summer walk you will probably have found the hangings to be green at any time between June and October or later, unless there had lately been a special occasion such as a wedding or Whitsun. This is because green ~ officially the most restful colour, so the ophthalmologists tell us ~ is the 'default' colour in what is called 'ordinary time'. i.e. that long stretch of the church year between the tail end of the definitive post-Easter sequence (Ascension, Trinity, Whitsun) and the start of a new cycle on Advent Sunday, around the beginning of December.

This word comes from 'rogo' (Latin: 'I ask'), as also in 'interrogation' (which literally means 'the asking of questions between two people or parties' ... though in its modern sense it usually tends to be rather more one-sided than that sounds!).
Some village parishes still hold outdoor processional services for Rogationtide, seeking God's blessing on crops, flocks, natural resources, weather, machinery etc. Our countryside remains as fragile and vulnerable as in more 'primitive' times, so such rituals are often welcomed and respected still, sometimes also coupled with 'beating of the bounds' or even with a Pet Service.

Answer 2 hardly offers even the most notional strand of 'spiritual' justification!

Baptism must be done by a priest (in forms of the church which have them); Confirmation, perhaps as a more senior and conscious occasion in anyone's life, requires a bishop. A Lay Reader does not have authority to conduct baptisms, nor weddings nor a communion, but may lead at Funerals.

Lady Day is (by fairly basic calculation) the day around which Mary must have received the Annunciation, if she were then to give birth within the otherwise conventional tiimescale at Christmas. (It seems less than likely that Jesus was born in late December ~ there wouldn't have been flocks and shepherds out on the hills at that time of year, for instance ~ but if He were, the Annunciation would have had to be around late March.)
Petertide is the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul in late June (the closest fairly major holy day to the Summer Solstice); Michaelmas celebrates St Michael (29 September).
Childermas is an older name for the Feast of the Innocents (i.e. those infants slaughtered in Herod's massacre when he was trying to extinguish the newborn Jesus), which, reasonably enough, falls a few days after Christmas; but Christmas itself is the greatest of the Quarter Days.

There is numerological symbolism in this figure, which of course is equal to 2 x 7. For further details please research online, or at any local Catholic (or Anglo-Catholic) church.