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Minus 3 plus 8 equals 5.

Level 3-4 Numbers - Negative Numbers - Addition and Subtraction

Add and subtract negative numbers with confidence. Use number lines, integer rules, and brackets to calculate changes in temperature, altitude, money, and more.

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Fascinating Fact:

If a submarine moves from 200 metres below sea level to 50 metres below, it has risen 150 metres, even though both numbers are negative.

In KS3 Maths, negative numbers represent values below zero. You will add and subtract integers by thinking about direction on a number line, using brackets for clarity, and applying rules for same and different signs.

Key Terms

Integer: A whole number that can be positive, zero, or negative (for example −3, 0, 7).
Negative number: A number less than zero, written with a minus sign, such as −5.
Number line: A line marked with numbers in order, used to show movement left (subtract) or right (add).

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

How do you add negative numbers?

If the signs are the same, add the sizes and keep the sign: −8 + −5 = −13. If the signs differ, subtract the smaller size: −9 + 4 = −5.

How do you subtract a negative number?

Subtracting a negative is the same as adding a positive. Use brackets: 7 − (−3) = 7 + 3 = 10.

What is the difference between two negative temperatures?

Find the distance on the number line or use brackets: −2 − (−7) = 5. The temperature rose by 5 degrees.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

What is -3 + 8?

-11

Re-arrange the problem to 8 - 3

2 .

Which of the following numbers is more than -74?

-73

-75

-100

-174

Remember, negative number values get smaller the higher the numbers get

3 .

What is -66 + -33 - -22?

-77

-44

On a number line, count to the left for negative numbers and right for positive numbers

4 .

What is -21 + 14 + -9?

-18

-16

It's useful to use a number line with 0 in the centre

5 .

What is -4 - 17?

-21

-13

Subtracting two negative numbers is similar to adding two positive numbers - just remember that the answer will be a negative number

6 .

What is 4 - -17?

-21

-13

You could re-write the calculation as 4 + 17

7 .

What is 50 - -11 + -3?

Two negatives cancel each other out. So, 50 - -11 + -3 is the same as 50 + 11 - 3

8 .

Which of the following numbers is less than -3?

-1

-2

-4

The higher the number, the lower the negative number

9 .

What is 8 + -3?

-11

8 + -3 is the same as 8 - 3

10 .

What is -4 - -17?

-21

-13

When two minus signs occur together, they act as a plus sign

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Positive and negative numbers

Author: Frank Evans (Specialist 11 Plus Teacher and Tutor)

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