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Year 2 Calculation - Addition and Subtraction Facts to 100
10 + 90, 20 + 80, 30 + 70, 40 + 60 and 50 + 50 all add up to 100.

Year 2 Calculation - Addition and Subtraction Facts to 100

Learn pairs that make 100. Spot tens, use a hundred square, and flip facts to check. Quick patterns help you add and subtract fast and accurately.

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Fascinating Fact:

10 + 90, 20 + 80, 30 + 70, 40 + 60, and 50 + 50 all make 100. High five each pair.

In KS1 Maths, Year 2 pupils learn number bonds to 100 and use them for quick addition and subtraction. Knowing complements to 100 helps spot patterns, check answers, and solve problems efficiently.

  • Number bond to 100: Two numbers that add to 100, like 35 + 65 = 100.
  • Tens and ones: The place value parts of a number, for example 47 has 4 tens and 7 ones.
  • Fact family: A set of linked addition and subtraction facts, such as 20 + 80 = 100, 80 + 20 = 100, 100 − 20 = 80, 100 − 80 = 20.

Warm up with quick pairs to 100: try the Addition Game before you start the quiz.

What are number bonds to 100?

Number bonds to 100 are pairs of numbers that total 100, like 12 + 88 or 47 + 53. Learning these pairs speeds up mental addition and subtraction.

How do I find a quick complement to 100?

Look at the ones first, then the tens. For 37, 3 tens need 7 tens and 7 ones need 3 ones, so 37 pairs with 63 to make 100.

How do bonds to 100 help with subtraction?

If you know 37 + 63 = 100, then 100 − 37 = 63 and 100 − 63 = 37. Reversing an addition fact gives two subtraction facts.

Question 1
Which three pairs of numbers all add up to 100?
20 + 80
10 + 90
50 + 50
10 + 80
20 + 18
60 + 4
12 + 18
20 + 8
100 + 10
40 + 6
50 + 5
10 + 9
All the others give different totals
Question 2
Which 'family' of facts is incorrect?
35 + 65 = 100
65 + 35 = 100
100 - 35 = 65
100 - 65 = 35
25 + 75 = 100
75 + 25 = 100
100 - 25 = 75
100 - 75 = 25
15 + 85 = 100
85 + 15 = 100
100 - 85 = 15
100 - 15 = 85
65 + 45 = 100
45 + 65 = 100
100 - 65 = 45
100 - 45 = 65
65 + 45 = 110, so all the other facts must be incorrect too
Question 3
Which of the following is true?
10 - 80 = 20
100 - 20 = 80
80 - 20 = 100
20 - 80 = 100
100 - 80 = 20 is the other subtraction fact for these numbers
Question 4
Which of these three other facts go with 30 + 70 = 100?
100 + 30 = 70
70 - 30 = 100
30 - 70 = 100
30 + 30 = 70
70 - 30 = 100
30 - 100 = 70
70 + 70 = 100
30 +30 = 100
100 - 100 = 30
70 + 30 = 100
100 - 30 = 70
100 - 70 = 30
For the subtraction facts, the largest number should be at the beginning
Question 5
Which 'family' of facts is incorrect?
10 + 90 = 100
90 + 10 = 100
100 - 90 = 10
100 - 10 = 90
20 + 80 = 100
80 + 20 = 100
100 - 20 = 80
100 - 80 = 20
60 + 50 = 100
50 + 60 = 100
100 - 60 = 50
100 - 50 = 60
30 + 70 = 100
70 + 30 = 100
100 - 30 = 70
100 - 70 = 30
60 + 50 = 110, so all the other facts must be incorrect too
Question 6
If you know that 2 + 8 = 10, what else do you know?
20 + 80 = 100
12 + 18 = 20
2 + 80 = 100
8 + 20 = 100
80 + 20 would also give 100
Question 7
Which number fact is incorrect?
6 + 40 = 100
60 + 40 = 100
40 + 60 = 100
100 - 60 = 40
6 + 40 = 46!
Question 8
Which one of the following number pairs do not add up to give 100?
100 + 0
90 + 10
60 + 40
20 + 18
20 + 18 = 38
Question 9
Which of the following is true?
6 + 4 = 10, so 60 + 4 = 100
6 + 4 = 10, so 60 + 40 = 100
6 + 4 = 10, so 16 + 14 = 100
6 + 4 = 10, so 6 + 40 = 100
60 + 40 gives an answer which is ten times bigger than 6 + 4
Question 10
Which number is missing: 10 + ? = 100
100
9
90
10
10 + 90 = 100, so 90 + 10 = 100 also
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Fact families - addition facts

Author:  Angela Smith (Primary School Teacher & KS1 Quiz Writer)

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