What are Asperger’s Syndrome and Autism?

Every child is unique, and some may seem a bit eccentric or quirky. Understanding those on the autistic spectrum, such as those with high-functioning autism or Asperger’s Syndrome, can be a challenge. This guide aims to shed light on Asperger’s syndrome and autism.

Autism Statistics in the UK

Approximately 700,000 people in the UK have an Autistic Spectrum Disorder, with Asperger’s Syndrome being one end of the spectrum. However, many individuals with high IQs and verbal ability go undiagnosed, leading successful lives. Notable figures like Mozart, Einstein, and Jane Austen are believed to have had Asperger’s. You might know someone with Asperger’s, or you could have it yourself.

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Understanding Asperger’s Syndrome

In 1944, Austrian paediatrician Hans Asperger defined Asperger’s Syndrome. He studied children who struggled with social situations and understanding others, exhibiting characteristics like difficulty in developing relationships, avoiding eye contact, taking things literally, and having a need for routine. Asperger’s can be difficult to identify, but here are some signs:

• trouble developing relationships or integrating with others
• averting eyes or avoiding eye contact
• taking things very literally – not understanding metaphors, puns or jokes
• difficulty understanding other people’s feelings – missing subtle facial expressions or saying things without appreciating that they might be hurtful
• a need for routine
• emotional when faced with change
• focused or obsessive interest in certain things – e.g. dinosaurs, fantasy worlds, cars or cartoons
• heightened senses

Asperger’s varies in its impact, with some facing mild challenges while others experience more severe effects.

Diagnosing Asperger’s Syndrome

Diagnosis has increased over the years, with 1 in 100 people on the Autistic Spectrum in 2009 compared to 1 in 1000 in 1999. Diagnosis is more frequent in males, but it can be missed in females, who are generally better at communicating and socialising. Consult a doctor for assessment as there is no simple test for autism.

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Communication Challenges in Autism

Individuals with autism may struggle with communication, finding it difficult to read expressions and body language. While eloquent in speech, they might use complex words without fully understanding them and may have difficulty with metaphors. Coping with social situations can be challenging, leading to unconventional behaviours.

Coping Strategies for Autistic Individuals

Establishing and maintaining friendships can be challenging for those with Asperger’s due to difficulty in recognizing social cues. Parents and educators can support by encouraging eye contact, teaching social etiquette, and creating structured routines. Despite challenges, many people with autism lead normal lives, and understanding, patience, and proper guidance are key.

Support for Autism

Various support networks and information are available for individuals with autism and their families. Useful links include:

• The National Autistic Society
• Great Ormond Street
• Asperger Syndrome

The Autism Parenting Magazine has an informative article on Social Stories for Autistic Children, highly recommended for further reading. If your child is struggling, programs focusing on social skills and behaviour can be beneficial. Communication with the school and accessing online guidance for supporting your child at home is crucial.

Embracing Uniqueness

Understanding Asperger’s Syndrome and autism involves recognizing different perspectives. Embrace your child’s uniqueness, whether they have a high IQ and focused interests or an average IQ with a passion for specific topics. Connecting with and supporting your child in the world is essential.

Further Resources

Explore more answers to education questions in our Knowledge Bank, offering numerous articles advising parents on schooling and child raising. It’s a valuable resource for your parenting journey!

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