The name 'Chronicles' is a translation of the Hebrew title, 'The Matters of the Days'.
The First Book of Chronicles is the thirteenth book of the Bible. It charts the same events as the Second Book of Samuel, though where Samuel describes the political history of King David, the First Book of Chronicles describes the spiritual history.
"And Satan stood up against Israel, and provoked David to number Israel. And David said to Joab and to the rulers of the people, Go, number Israel from Beer-sheba even to Dan; and bring the number of them to me, that I may know it."
This can be interpreted as David's pride at the number of his people. Whatever the reason, David provoked God's anger and a plague was inflicted upon the Israelites