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Plants use the products of photosynthesis to manufacture carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Biology - The Carbon Cycle (AQA)
In GCSE Science, students will look at energy and biomass in food chains. This is the last of three quizzes on that topic and it looks in particular at the carbon cycle.
It is quite possible that your body contains carbon atoms that were once breathed by a dinosaur. Or perhaps eaten by a king or queen or even excreted in dog poo. Yeuch! But how is this possible? The answer is one of the most important cycles for life - the carbon cycle. Our planet has only a limited stock of chemical elements and they are constantly being recycled in different ways. If they weren't, they would all have been used up long ago and the Earth would be an unchanging dead planet.
1 .
What process takes carbon dioxide from the air and makes it available to land living animals?
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Lightning strikes
Burning fossil fuels
Plants use CO2 from the air in the process of photosynthesis. This same is done in the sea by phytoplankton
2 .
Which two natural processes return carbon dioxide to the air?
Photosynthesis and respiration
Respiration and decomposition
Digestion and eating
Using nuclear fuels
Other natural processes include volcanic action and wildfires started by lightning strikes
3 .
Which human activity returns carbon dioxide to the air?
Generating electricity
Driving cars
Flying planes
All of the above
Anything we do that involves the use of burning fossil fuels puts carbon dioxide back into the air
4 .
Why do fossil fuels have a high carbon content?
They are made in swamps
They are made from organisms that were once alive
They are made from limestone
They were made in fires started by lightning millions of years ago
Life as we know it is based on carbon
5 .
Which of the following is a problem caused by humans burning fossil fuels?
A hole in the ozone layer
Deforestation
Global warming
All of the above
Some scientists believe that global warming is not caused by human activities
6 .
How might burning fossil fuels be creating global warming?
Because fossil fuels will be all used up in a few decades
Because burning fossil fuels is a very dangerous process
Because fossil fuels are not compatible with the new biofuels
Because burning fossil fuels adds CO2 to the atmosphere faster than it can be removed
The natural carbon cycle is always balanced with lots of carbon locked away in plants, animals, rocks and fossil fuels. Only a certain amount is found in the air. Burning fossil fuels artificially increases the CO2 in the air, putting things out of balance. If we put too much CO2 into the air we could get a runaway greenhouse effect, in which case, most life on Earth would perish
7 .
How is carbon in plants passed on to the rest of the cycle?
Only death and decay
Only by being eaten
Through food webs
By forming coal
When dead plants form coal, carbon is locked out of the cycle for millions of years
8 .
Carbonate rocks lock carbon out of the cycle for millions of years. Which of the following does not put CO2 from these rocks back into the current carbon cycle?
Grinding them up into small particles to use for making roads
Manufacturing cement
Heat from volcanoes
When they are subducted during plate tectonics
All three ways involve a lot of heating. This decomposes the carbonate rocks, releasing carbon dioxide. Grinding is a physical change only
9 .
Why do waste materials and dead plants or animals decay?
They are broken down by microorganisms
They get rained on
They slowly sink into the ground
Sunlight breaks down their chemicals
They are also broken down as they are eaten by detritus feeders e.g. woodlice eating dead leaves
10 .
How is the CO2 from the air introduced into a food web?
Plants breathe it in and when an animal eats the plant, it eats the CO2 as well
It forms carbonate rocks that eventually come to the surface
Plants use the products of photosynthesis to manufacture carbohydrates, fats and proteins
Bacteria living in nodules on the root convert it into plant food
When the plant is eaten, these are passed to the herbivores in the food web
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