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During exercise, the blood leaving the muscles contains a higher amount of carbon dioxide.

Unit 2 - Effects of Exercise

This GCSE Biology quiz explores how exercise affects your heart, lungs and muscles, including changes in breathing rate, lactic acid build up and recovery after activity.

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Fascinating Fact:

Heart rate increases, pumping more blood per minute to deliver extra oxygen and glucose to muscles and to remove carbon dioxide more quickly.

In GCSE Biology, the effects of exercise are studied to explain how the cardiovascular and respiratory systems respond to activity. You learn how increased heart rate, breathing rate and depth of breathing help supply muscles with more oxygen and glucose, and how the body deals with lactic acid and recovery after exercise.

Key Terms

Heart rate: The number of times the heart beats each minute, measured in beats per minute.
Breathing rate: The number of breaths taken each minute during rest or exercise.
Oxygen debt: The extra oxygen needed after exercise to remove lactic acid and restore the body to its resting state.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What happens to your body during exercise in GCSE Biology?

During exercise, your heart rate and breathing rate increase so more oxygen and glucose reach the muscles. Blood flow to muscles rises and you may produce lactic acid if activity is very intense.

Why does heart rate increase when you exercise?

Heart rate increases during exercise so that more blood is pumped each minute. This delivers extra oxygen and glucose to working muscles and helps remove carbon dioxide and other waste products more quickly.

What is oxygen debt in GCSE Biology?

Oxygen debt is the amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to break down lactic acid, replace oxygen in the blood and muscles, and return the body to resting conditions.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

Which type of the blood vessel removes blood from the muscles?

Artery

Aorta

Vein

Lymph

Capillaries take lactic acid and carbon dioxide from the muscle cells into the veins, away from the muscle cells

2 .

What do muscle cells break down in order to release energy?

Protein

Glycogen

Cholesterol

Oxygen

The body can break this down during exercise to increase the concentration of glucose in the blood

3 .

The rate and depth of breathing increases during exercise. This is in order to give the muscles more of what?

More oxygen

More carbon dioxide

More glycogen

More nutrients

Oxygen is required for aerobic respiration

4 .

Which of the following is a waste product of muscles respiring anaerobically?

Oxygen

Ammonia

Lactic acid

Carbon monoxide

Lactic acid makes muscles tired and sore after prolonged exercise. It is produced when oxygen levels are low

5 .

Which of the following is the stored form of glucose, found in the liver and muscles?

Glucagon

Glucagen

Glycogen

Glycose

Glucose cannot be stored as glucose so your body converts it into glycogen

6 .

Which of the following statements is true of the blood leaving the muscles during exercise?

The blood leaving the muscles during exercise has more oxygen

The blood leaving the muscles during exercise has less water

The blood leaving the muscles during exercise has more carbon dioxide

The blood leaving the muscles during exercise has less nitrogen

This is a waste product from aerobic respiration

7 .

During exercise, what happens to the heart rate?

It decreases

It increases

It is unchanged

It decreases then increases

Before exercise, it is advisable to spend time 'warming up' so that your heart rate increases gradually

8 .

Blood supply to the respiring muscles increases during exercise. This is to supply the muscles with more of what?

More glucose

More carbon dioxide

More nitrogen

More water

Glucose is the 'fuel' that is oxidised during aerobic respiration

9 .

When muscles are deprived of oxygen, how do they respire?

Aerobically

Acidly

Acerbically

Anaerobically

This only releases a small amount of energy so your muscles feel tired and don't function as well as they do during aerobic respiration

10 .

Which type of the blood vessel supplies blood to the muscles?

Lymph

Artery

Vein

Aorta

Arteries carry oxygenated blood round the body. They split to form blood capillaries with thin walls that allow the oxygen to pass out of the blood to the individual muscle cells

Author: Donna Davidson (GCSE Biology Teacher & Examiner, Quiz Writer)